Chemical Bulletin of Kazakh National University

Composite detergents with antibacterial properties based on mixtures of cetylpyridinium chloride with Genapol

2024-06-28T12:27:18+05:00

This study focuses on the properties of the nonionic surfactant Genapol and the cationic surfactant cetylpyridinium chloride (CPC) to develop a composite detergent with bactericidal activity. Research includes studying the properties of CPC and Genapol solutions, creating composite mixtures with different concentration ratios and assessing the bactericidal effectiveness of the resulting detergents.

The main foaming agents CPC and Genapol were used without purification, which emphasizes their high biodegradability. Various tests, including surface tension measurements, contact angle evaluation and pH measurements, were carried out at room temperature to evaluate the properties of surfactants and surfactant mixtures.

The results show that CPC exhibits foaming, emulsifying and bactericidal properties due to its high surface activity and adsorption capacity. Genapol has the advantages of high surface activity at different pH levels, excellent foaming and emulsifying properties. The combination of these surfactants in a complex detergent creates a universal cleaner with antibacterial properties independent of pH and environmental harshness. The bactericidal effect of solutions of CPC Genapol mixtures was also determined.

The results show that the composite solution exhibits a noticeable bactericidal effect with zones of growth inhibition ranging from 13.5±0.5 mm to 17±0.1 mm. The greatest antibacterial activity was observed against Micobacterium citreum and Bacillus subtilis. Sarcina flava and Staphylococcus aureus showed similar growth inhibition results.

New zircon-manganites of lanthanum and alkali metals

2024-06-28T12:31:46+05:00

Zircon-manganites of the composition LaMe^I₂ZrMnO₆ (Me^I – Li, Na, K). were synthesized using the ceramic technology method in the range of 800-1200°C by the interaction of lanthanum (III) oxides and lithium, sodium and potassium carbonates (analytical grade). Using X-ray diffraction methods, it was established that all synthesized zircon-manganites crystallize in a cubic system with the following lattice parameters: LaLi₂ZrMnO₆ – а = 16,26 ±0,02 Å; V⁰ = 4300,93 ±0,06 Å³; Z = 6; V° _{elem cell}= 716,82 ± 0,02 Å³; r _x-ray_. = 5,49 g/сm³; r _picn.= 5,42 ± 0,06 g/сm³; LaNa₂ZrMnO₆ – а = 16,85 ± 0,02Å; V⁰ = 4785,46 ± 0,02 Å³; Z = 6; V°_{elem cell}= 795,58 ± 0,02 Å³; r_x-ray. = 5,35 g/сm³; r _picn.= 5,30 ± 0,04 g/сm³; LaK₂ZrMnO₆ – а = 17,45 ± 0,03 Å; V⁰ = 5318,85 ±0,09 Å³; Z = 6; V° _{elem cell}= 885,81 ± 0,02 Å³; r_x-ray. = 5,16 g/сm³; r _picn.= 5,08 ± 0,02 g/сm³. It has been established that with an increase in ionic radii in the Li®Na®K series, the values of the parameter “a” and the volumes of lattices and unit cells of zircon-manganites increase.

Synthesis and optical properties of fluorene-azulene π-conjugated polymers

2024-06-28T12:27:17+05:00

The non-alternant aromatic hydrocarbon azulene as a potential building block for the creation of new polymer conjugated materials is attracting more and more attention due to its unique chemical structure, optical and physico-chemical properties. The azulene conjugated polymers were synthesized by the interaction of 1,3-dibromoazulene or 2,7-bis(3-bromoazulene1-yl)-9,9-dihexyl-9H-fluorene with 2,2’-(9,9-dihexylfluorene-2,7-diyl)bis(1,3,2-dioxaborolan) under the conditions of the Suzuki cross-coupling reaction: poly[2,7-(9,9-dihexylfluorenyl)- alt-(1ꞌ,3ꞌ-azulenyl)] 3 and poly[1,3-bis(9ꞌ,9ꞌ-dihexylfluorene-2ꞌ-yl)azulenyl]-alt-[1ꞌꞌ,3ꞌꞌ-azulenyl] 5. The photophysical and thermal properties of the obtained fluorene-azulene polymers were characterized by UF-Vis and fluorescence spectroscopy, as well as methods of thermogravimetric analysis and differential scanning calorimetry. It was found that polymers 3 and 5 do not emit in a neutral state in various organic solvents. However, they become fluorescent on treatment with trifluoroacetic acid in tetrahydrofuran. The “activation” of fluorescence in protonated azulene copolymers 3-H⁺ and 5-H⁺ occurs due to the formation of the 6π-electron aromatic azulene cation, which changes the overall electronic character, in particular, the levels of the frontal molecular orbitals of the HOMO and LUMO, and then the band gap. The obtained results demonstrate that the inclusion of azulene structural units in the conjugated polymer strucrure has great potential for the development of new protonic organic functional materials.

Аnаlysis оf Na-А zeоlite bаsed оn kаоlin using аn X-rаy diffrаctоmeter

2024-06-30T16:46:14+05:00

In this paper, the hydrothermal synthesis of Na-A zeolite synthesized from Angren kaolin and γ-Al₂O₃ mixtures is considered. Crystаl sizes оf Linde Nа-А аnd synthesized Nа-А zeоlite were cоmpаred using X-rаy phаse аnаlysis. Zeоlite Linde Nа-А hаs а lаttice strаin between crystаls frоm 0.019 tо 0.23, аnd а lаttice strаin between synthesized Nа-А zeоlite crystаls frоm 0.019 to 0.24. The dislоcаtiоn density оf the sаmples wаs fоund tо be between 10¹⁴m^-2аnd 10¹⁷m^-2. Using IR Spectrоmetric аnаlysis wаs determined tо be cоmpаtible with dаtа presented in the literаture.